Day-Night Differences, Seasonal Variations and Source Apportionment of PM10
-Bound PAHs over Xi'an, Northwest China

Wang, Xin; Shen, Zhenxing; Zeng, Yaling; Liu, Fobang; Zhang, Qian; Lei, Yali; Xu, Hongmei; Cao, Junji; Yang, Liu

doi:10.3390/atmos9020062

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Day-Night Differences, Seasonal Variations and Source Apportionment of PM₁₀-Bound PAHs over Xi'an, Northwest China

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Liu, Fobang
Multiphase Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Wang, X., Shen, Z., Zeng, Y., Liu, F., Zhang, Q., Lei, Y., et al. (2018). Day-Night Differences, Seasonal Variations and Source Apportionment of PM₁₀-Bound PAHs over Xi'an, Northwest China. Atmosphere, 9(2): 62. doi:10.3390/atmos9020062.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-A8C7-1

Abstract

Day-night PM10-bound PAHs were studied at an urban site of Xi’an from 20 December 2006 to 28 October 2007. The annual mean concentration of nighttime PAHs (285.0 ng m−3) was higher than that in daytime (239.4 ng m−3). A significant difference of PAH concentrations between daytime and nighttime was found in autumn with a coefficient of divergence (CD) of 0.23 (significant level 0.2). However, no distinct difference was observed in other seasons (with CD values < 0.2), although the difference of PAHs partition capacity in PM10 between daytime and nighttime was significant in the four seasons. Remarkable seasonal variations were observed in the total PAH levels, with a highest mean concentration of 344.6 ng m−3 in winter and a lowest mean concentration of 177 ng m−3 in summer. Positive matrix factorization results revealed that residential emission for heating is the major contributor of the elevated PAH levels in winter, accounting for 49% of the total PAH levels. The coal combustion including industrial and residential usage, contributed over 40% of the PAH emissions in PM10 of Xi’an during the one-year sampling period. These results can provide guidance for taking measures in reducing PAHs levels in the air.