Photolysis of parabens using medium-pressure mercury lamps: Toxicity effects in 
MCF7, BAlb/c 3T3 cells and Ceriodaphnia dubia

Gomes, Francisco E. R.; Bergo, Patricia L. S.; Trapp, Marilia A.; Spadoto, Mariangela; Galinaro, Carlos A.; Rodrigues-Filho, Edson; Leitao, Andrei; Tremiliosi-Filho, Germano

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.135

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Photolysis of parabens using medium-pressure mercury lamps: Toxicity effects in MCF7, BAlb/c 3T3 cells and Ceriodaphnia dubia

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Citation

Gomes, F. E. R., Bergo, P. L. S., Trapp, M. A., Spadoto, M., Galinaro, C. A., Rodrigues-Filho, E., et al. (2018). Photolysis of parabens using medium-pressure mercury lamps: Toxicity effects in MCF7, BAlb/c 3T3 cells and Ceriodaphnia dubia. Chemosphere, 208, 325-334. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.135.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-D7D5-C

Abstract

Degradation studies of the propylparaben (PrP), butylparaben (BuP) and of the propylparaben-butylparaben mixture (PrP-BuP) in deionized water and surface river water was investigated as a function of pH and initial concentration of the reactants using a medium-pressure mercury lamp. The photolysis of parabens (concentration ranging from 5 to 30 mg L−1) followed apparent pseudo-first-order kinetics, with rate constants (k) in deionized water and surface river water changed from 1.80 × 10−1 to 3.68 × 10−2 min−1 and 1.43 × 10−1 to 1.45 × 10−2 min−1, respectively. Degradation reaction was faster at pH 5 in comparison with pH 7 or 11. The photolysis of parabens was greater than 91%, with low mineralization (26.15%) observed in acidic medium after 95 min. Analysis by chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) showed that only one product was generated during the degradation reaction and has UV bands similar to 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. Estrogenic activity tests showed that non-degraded parabens stimulated the growth of breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells and this effect was evaluated after the photolysis. Cytotoxicity assays using fibroblasts cells (Balb/C 3T3 clone A31) indicated that the parental compounds and degradation products were not cytotoxic. On the contrary, non-degraded parabens were toxic to Ceriodaphnia dubia, but the product of photolysis was not. Overall, the photolytic method presented was able to degrade these parabens providing safe and non-estrogenic reaction product.