Major depression and its treatment: microRNAs as peripheral biomarkers of 
diagnosis and treatment response

Lopez, Juan P.; Kos, Aron; Turecki, Gustavo

doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000379

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Major depression and its treatment: microRNAs as peripheral biomarkers of diagnosis and treatment response

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Lopez, Juan P.
Dept. Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;
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Kos, Aron
Dept. Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Lopez, J. P., Kos, A., & Turecki, G. (2018). Major depression and its treatment: microRNAs as peripheral biomarkers of diagnosis and treatment response. CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY, 31(1), 7-16. doi:10.1097/YCO.0000000000000379.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0002-7065-E

Abstract

Purpose of review
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is among the most prevalent and disabling medical conditions worldwide. Despite its considerable burden, our understanding of its pathophysiology remains rudimentary, and a validated biomarker has yet to be identified. Antidepressants are the most common treatment for MDD, yet roughly one-third of patients experience an inadequate response. Thus, there is a great need for not only identifying biomarkers of MDD but also those that can predict and monitor or just monitor response to treatment.
Recent findings
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) act as endogenous fine-tuners and on-off switches of gene expression. Several lines of evidence now suggest that miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders. As such, miRNAs offer great hope as biomarkers of disease and response to treatment.
Summary
In this review, we discuss the growing field, investigating peripheral miRNAs as potential biomarkers of major depression and treatment response. A noninvasive and validated biomarker of MDD or treatment response will help clinicians guide treatment selection. Ultimately, these findings provide important steps in the development of early diagnostic tools, preventive strategies, and effective pharmacological treatment for psychiatric disorders.