Reconstructing the deep population history of Central and South America

Posth, Cosimo; Nakatsuka, Nathan; Lazaridis, Iosif; Skoglund, Pontus; Mallick, Swapan; Lamnidis, Thiseas Christos; Rohland, Nadin; Nägele, Kathrin; Adamski, Nicole; Bertolini, Emilie; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Cooper, Alan; Culleton, Brendan J.; Ferraz da Silva, Tiago; Ferry, Matthew; Furtwängler, Anja; Haak, Wolfgang; Harkins, Kelly; Harper, Thomas K.; Hünemeier, Tábita; Lawson, Ann Marie; Llamas, Bastien; Michel, Megan; Nelson, Elizabeth A.; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Patterson, Nick; Schiffels, Stephan; Sedig, Jakob; Stewardson, Kristin; Talamo, Sahra; Wang, Chuan-Chao; Hublin, Jean-Jacques; Hubbe, Mark; Harvati, Katerina; Delaunay, Amalia Nuevo; Beier, Judith; Francken, Michael; Kaulicke, Peter; Reyes-Centeno, Hugo; Rademaker, Kurt; Trask, Willa R.; Robinson, Mark; Gutierrez, Said M.; Prufer, Keith M.; Salazar-García, Domingo C.; Chim, Eliane N.; Gomes, Lisiane Müller Plumm; Alves, Marcony L.; Liryo, Andersen; Inglez, Mariana; Oliveira, Rodrigo E.; Bernardo, Danilo V.; Barioni, Alberto; Wesolowski, Veronica; Scheifler, Nahuel A.; Rivera, Mario A.; Plens, Claudia R.; Messineo, Pablo G.; Figuti, Levy; Corach, Daniel; Scabuzzo, Clara; Eggers, Sabine; DeBlasis, Paulo; Reindel, Markus; Méndez, César; Politis, Gustavo; Tomasto-Cagigao, Elsa; Kennett, Douglas J.; Strauss, André; Fehren-Schmitz, Lars; Krause, Johannes; Reich, David

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.027

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Reconstructing the deep population history of Central and South America

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Posth, Cosimo
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

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Lamnidis, Thiseas Christos
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons207357

Nägele, Kathrin
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons221577

Ferraz da Silva, Tiago
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons186115

Haak, Wolfgang
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons222236

Nelson, Elizabeth A.
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons188297

Schiffels, Stephan
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons202633

Wang, Chuan-Chao
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

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Krause, Johannes
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Posth, C., Nakatsuka, N., Lazaridis, I., Skoglund, P., Mallick, S., Lamnidis, T. C., et al. (2018). Reconstructing the deep population history of Central and South America. Cell, 175(5): e22, pp. 1185-1197. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.10.027.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0002-99F9-9

Abstract

Summary
We report genome-wide ancient DNA from 49 individuals forming four parallel time transects in Belize, Brazil, the Central Andes, and the Southern Cone, each dating to at least ∼9,000 years ago. The common ancestral population radiated rapidly from just one of the two early branches that contributed to Native Americans today. We document two previously unappreciated streams of gene flow between North and South America. One affected the Central Andes by ∼4,200 years ago, while the other explains an affinity between the oldest North American genome associated with the Clovis culture and the oldest Central and South Americans from Chile, Brazil, and Belize. However, this was not the primary source for later South Americans, as the other ancient individuals derive from lineages without specific affinity to the Clovis-associated genome, suggesting a population replacement that began at least 9,000 years ago and was followed by substantial population continuity in multiple regions.