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Journal Article

Cancer-Germline Antigen Expression Discriminates Clinical Outcome to CTLA-4 Blockade

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Galonska,  Christina
Dept. of Genome Regulation (Head: Alexander Meissner), Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Max Planck Society;

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Meissner,  Alexander
Dept. of Genome Regulation (Head: Alexander Meissner), Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Max Planck Society;
Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA;
Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA;

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Citation

Shukla, S. A., Bachireddy, P., Schilling, B., Galonska, C., Zhan, Q., Bango, C., et al. (2018). Cancer-Germline Antigen Expression Discriminates Clinical Outcome to CTLA-4 Blockade. Cell, 173(3): e8, pp. 624-633. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2018.03.026.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0003-4B90-6
Abstract
CTLA-4 immune checkpoint blockade is clinically effective in a subset of patients with metastatic melanoma. We identify a subcluster of MAGE-A cancer-germline antigens, located within a narrow 75 kb region of chromosome Xq28, that predicts resistance uniquely to blockade of CTLA-4, but not PD-1. We validate this gene expression signature in an independent anti-CTLA-4-treated cohort and show its specificity to the CTLA-4 pathway with two independent anti-PD-1-treated cohorts. Autophagy, a process critical for optimal anti-cancer immunity, has previously been shown to be suppressed by the MAGE-TRIM28 ubiquitin ligase in vitro. We now show that the expression of the key autophagosome component LC3B and other activators of autophagy are negatively associated with MAGE-A protein levels in human melanomas, including samples from patients with resistance to CTLA-4 blockade. Our findings implicate autophagy suppression in resistance to CTLA-4 blockade in melanoma, suggesting exploitation of autophagy induction for potential therapeutic synergy with CTLA-4 inhibitors.