Abstract
The collections of freshwater crabs of the family Pseudothelphusidae deposited in the Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo and Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg were studied. Redescriptions of the species that occur in Brazil are made, with
notes on the ecology and geographic distribution. A new species of Kingsleya for the Trombetas, Curuá-Una and Uatumã rivers is described and new records, including one of Fredius reflexifrons to Peru, are
reported. A terminology in Portuguese for the gonopodal structures is proposed. Keys to genera and
species are given either in Portuguese or in English, as well as a map of the geographic distribution of this
family in Brazil.
