Interrelation of attention and prediction in visual processing: Effects of 
task-relevance and stimulus probability

Marzecová , Anna; Widmann, Andreas; SanMiguel, Iria; Kotz, Sonja A.; Schröger, Erich

doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.02.009

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Interrelation of attention and prediction in visual processing: Effects of task-relevance and stimulus probability

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Marzecová , Anna
Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Germany;
Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Kotz, Sonja A.
Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands;

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Citation

Marzecová, A., Widmann, A., SanMiguel, I., Kotz, S. A., & Schröger, E. (2017). Interrelation of attention and prediction in visual processing: Effects of task-relevance and stimulus probability. Biological Psychology, 125, 76-90. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.02.009.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0004-A94D-8

Abstract

The potentially interactive influence of attention and prediction was investigated by measuring event-related potentials (ERPs) in a spatial cueing task with attention (task-relevant) and prediction (probabilistic) cues. We identified distinct processing stages of this interactive influence. Firstly, in line with the attentional gain hypothesis, a larger amplitude response of the contralateral N1, and Nd1 for attended gratings was observed. Secondly, conforming to the attenuation-by-prediction hypothesis, a smaller negativity in the time window directly following the peak of the N1 component for predicted compared to unpredicted gratings was observed. In line with the hypothesis that attention and prediction interface, unpredicted/unattended stimuli elicited a larger negativity at central-parietal sites, presumably reflecting an increased prediction error signal. Thirdly, larger P3 responses to unpredicted stimuli pointed to the updating of an internal model. Attention and prediction can be considered as differentiated mechanisms that may interact at different processing stages to optimise perception.