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Journal Article

The CARMENES Search for Exoplanets around M Dwarfs: A Low-mass Planet in the Temperate Zone of the Nearby K2-18

MPS-Authors

Sarkis,  Paula
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Henning,  Thomas
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kürster,  Martin
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Trifonov,  Trifon
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zechmeister,  Mathias
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Tal-Or,  Lev
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Anglada-Escudé,  Guillem
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hatzes,  Artie P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lafarga,  Marina
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Dreizler,  Stefan
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ribas,  Ignasi
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Caballero,  José A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Reiners,  Ansgar
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Mallonn,  Matthias
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Morales,  Juan C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kaminski,  Adrian
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Aceituno,  Jesús
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Amado,  Pedro J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Béjar,  Victor J. S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hagen,  Hans-Jürgen
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jeffers,  Sandra
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Quirrenbach,  Andreas
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Launhardt,  Ralf
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Marvin,  Christopher
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Montes,  David
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

External Resource

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AJ....155..257S
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Citation

Sarkis, P., Henning, T., Kürster, M., Trifonov, T., Zechmeister, M., Tal-Or, L., et al. (2018). The CARMENES Search for Exoplanets around M Dwarfs: A Low-mass Planet in the Temperate Zone of the Nearby K2-18. The Astronomical Journal, 155.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-CB44-A
Abstract
K2-18 is a nearby M2.5 dwarf, located at 34 pc and hosting a transiting planet that was first discovered by the K2 mission and later confirmed with Spitzer Space Telescope observations. With a radius of ̃2 R ⊕ and an orbital period of ̃33 days, the planet lies in the temperate zone of its host star and receives stellar irradiation similar to that of Earth. Here we perform radial velocity follow-up observations with the visual channel of CARMENES with the goal of determining the mass and density of the planet. We measure a planetary semi-amplitude of K b ̃ 3.5 {{m}} {{{s}}}-1 and a mass of M b ̃ 9 M ⊕, yielding a bulk density around {ρ }b̃ 4 {{g}} {cm}}-3. This indicates a low-mass planet with a composition consistent with a solid core and a volatile- rich envelope. A signal at 9 days was recently reported using radial velocity measurements taken with the HARPS spectrograph. This was interpreted as being due to a second planet. We see a weaker, time- and wavelength-dependent signal in the CARMENES data set and thus favor stellar activity for its origin. K2-18 b joins the growing group of low- mass planets detected in the temperate zone of M dwarfs. The brightness of the host star in the near-infrared makes the system a good target for detailed atmospheric studies with the James Webb Space Telescope.