OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the 
Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary

Ryu, Y. -H.; Yee, J. C.; Udalski, A.; Bond, I. A.; Shvartzvald, Y.; Zang, W.; Figuera Jaimes, R.; Jørgensen, U. G.; Zhu, W.; Huang, C. X.; Jung, Y. K.; Albrow, M. D.; Chung, S. -J.; Gould, A.; Han, C.; Hwang, K. -H.; Shin, I. -G.; Cha, S. -M.; Kim, D. -J.; Kim, H. -W.; Kim, S. -L.; Lee, C. -U.; Lee, D. -J.; Lee, Y.; Park, B. -G.; Pogge, R. W.; Collaboration, KMTNet; Calchi Novati, S.; Carey, S.; Henderson, C. B.; Beichman, C.; Gaudi, B. S.; Team, Spitzer; Mróz, P.; Poleski, R.; Skowron, J.; Szymański, M. K.; Soszyński, I.; Kozłowski, S.; Pietrukowicz, P.; Ulaczyk, K.; Pawlak, M.; Collaboration, OGLE; Abe, F.; Asakura, Y.; Barry, R.; Bennett, D. P.; Bhattacharya, A.; Donachie, M.; Evans, P.; Fukui, A.; Hirao, Y.; Itow, Y.; Kawasaki, K.; Koshimoto, N.; Li, M. C. A.; Ling, C. H.; Masuda, K.; Matsubara, Y.; Miyazaki, S.; Muraki, Y.; Nagakane, M.; Ohnishi, K.; Ranc, C.; Rattenbury, N. J.; Saito, To.; Sharan, A.; Sullivan, D. J.; Sumi, T.; Suzuki, D.; Tristram, P. J.; Yamada, T.; Yamada, T.; Yonehara, A.; Collaboration, MOA; Bryden, G.; Howell, S. B.; Jacklin, S.; Team, UKIRT Microlensing; Penny, M. T.; Mao, S.; Fouqué, Pascal; Wang, T.; Group, CFHT-K2C9 Microlensing Survey; Street, R. A.; Tsapras, Y.; Hundertmark, M.; Bachelet, E.; Dominik, M.; Li, Z.; Cross, S.; Cassan, A.; Horne, K.; Schmidt, R.; Wambsganss, J.; Ment, S. K.; Maoz, D.; Snodgrass, C.; Steele, I. A.; Team, RoboNet; Bozza, V.; Burgdorf, M. J.; Ciceri, S.; D'Ago, G.; Evans, D. F.; Hinse, T. C.; Kerins, E.; Kokotanekova, R.; Longa, P.; MacKenzie, J.; Popovas, A.; Rabus, M.; Rahvar, S.; Sajadian, S.; Skottfelt, J.; Southworth, J.; von Essen, C.; Team, MiNDSTEp

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OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary

MPS-Authors

Ryu, Y. -H.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Yee, J. C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Udalski, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bond, I. A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Shvartzvald, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zang, W.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Figuera Jaimes, R.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jørgensen, U. G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zhu, W.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Huang, C. X.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jung, Y. K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Albrow, M. D.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Chung, S. -J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Gould, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Han, C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hwang, K. -H.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Shin, I. -G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Cha, S. -M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, D. -J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, H. -W.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, S. -L.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, C. -U.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, D. -J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Park, B. -G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pogge, R. W.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Collaboration, KMTNet
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Calchi Novati, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Carey, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Henderson, C. B.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Beichman, C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Gaudi, B. S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Team, Spitzer
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Mróz, P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Poleski, R.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Skowron, J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Szymański, M. K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Soszyński, I.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kozłowski, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pietrukowicz, P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ulaczyk, K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pawlak, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Collaboration, OGLE
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Abe, F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Asakura, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Barry, R.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bennett, D. P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bhattacharya, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Donachie, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Evans, P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Fukui, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hirao, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Itow, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kawasaki, K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Koshimoto, N.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Li, M. C. A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ling, C. H.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Masuda, K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Matsubara, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Miyazaki, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Muraki, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Nagakane, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ohnishi, K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ranc, C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rattenbury, N. J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Saito, To.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sharan, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sullivan, D. J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sumi, T.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Suzuki, D.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Tristram, P. J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Yamada, T.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Yonehara, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Collaboration, MOA
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bryden, G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Howell, S. B.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jacklin, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Team, UKIRT Microlensing
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Penny, M. T.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Mao, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Fouqué, Pascal
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Wang, T.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Group, CFHT-K2C9 Microlensing Survey
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Street, R. A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Tsapras, Y.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hundertmark, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bachelet, E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Dominik, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Li, Z.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Cross, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Cassan, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Horne, K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Schmidt, R.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Wambsganss, J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ment, S. K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Maoz, D.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Snodgrass, C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Steele, I. A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Team, RoboNet
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bozza, V.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Burgdorf, M. J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ciceri, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

D'Ago, G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Evans, D. F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hinse, T. C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kerins, E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kokotanekova, R.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Longa, P.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

MacKenzie, J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Popovas, A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rabus, M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rahvar, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sajadian, S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Skottfelt, J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Southworth, J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

von Essen, C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Team, MiNDSTEp
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

External Resource

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AJ....155...40R
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Citation

Ryu, Y.-.-H., Yee, J. C., Udalski, A., Bond, I. A., Shvartzvald, Y., Zang, W., et al. (2018). OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb: The First Spitzer Bulge Planet Lies Near the Planet/Brown-dwarf Boundary. The Astronomical Journal, 155.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-CB60-A

Abstract

We report the discovery of OGLE-2016-BLG-1190Lb, which is likely to be the first Spitzer microlensing planet in the Galactic bulge/bar, an assignation that can be confirmed by two epochs of high-resolution imaging of the combined source-lens baseline object. The planet’s mass, M _p = 13.4 ± 0.9 M _J, places it right at the deuterium-burning limit, i.e., the conventional boundary between “planets” and “brown dwarfs.” Its existence raises the question of whether such objects are really “planets” (formed within the disks of their hosts) or “failed stars” (low-mass objects formed by gas fragmentation). This question may ultimately be addressed by comparing disk and bulge/bar planets, which is a goal of the Spitzer microlens program. The host is a G dwarf, M _host = 0.89 ± 0.07 M _☉, and the planet has a semimajor axis a ̃ 2.0 au. We use Kepler K2 Campaign 9 microlensing data to break the lens-mass degeneracy that generically impacts parallax solutions from Earth-Spitzer observations alone, which is the first successful application of this approach. The microlensing data, derived primarily from near-continuous, ultradense survey observations from OGLE, MOA, and three KMTNet telescopes, contain more orbital information than for any previous microlensing planet, but not quite enough to accurately specify the full orbit. However, these data do permit the first rigorous test of microlensing orbital-motion measurements, which are typically derived from data taken over <1% of an orbital period.