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Molecular gas in AzTEC/C159: a star-forming disk galaxy 1.3 Gyr after the Big Bang

MPS-Authors

Jiménez-Andrade,  E. F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Magnelli,  B.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Karim,  A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jones,  G. C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Carilli,  C. L.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Romano-Díaz,  E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Gómez-Guijarro,  C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Toft,  S.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bertoldi,  F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Riechers,  D. A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Schinnerer,  E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sargent,  M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Michałowski,  M. J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Fraternali,  F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Staguhn,  J. G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Smolčić,  V.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Aravena,  M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Harrington,  K. C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sheth,  K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Capak,  P. L.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Koekemoer,  A. M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

van Kampen,  E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Swinbank,  M.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zirm,  A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Magdis,  G. E.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Navarrete,  F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

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Citation

Jiménez-Andrade, E. F., Magnelli, B., Karim, A., Jones, G. C., Carilli, C. L., Romano-Díaz, E., et al. (2018). Molecular gas in AzTEC/C159: a star-forming disk galaxy 1.3 Gyr after the Big Bang. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 615.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-CD06-E
Abstract
We studied the molecular gas properties of AzTEC/C159, a star-forming disk galaxy at z = 4.567, in order to better constrain the nature of the high-redshift end of the submillimeter-selected galaxy (SMG) population. We secured 12CO molecular line detections for the J = 2 →1 and J = 5 →4 transitions using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) and the NOrthern Extended Millimeter Array (NOEMA) interferometer. The broad (FWHM 750 km s-1) and tentative double-peaked profiles of the two 12CO lines are consistent with an extended molecular gas reservoir, which is distributed in a rotating disk, as previously revealed from [CII] 158 μm line observations. Based on the 12CO(2 →1) emission line, we derived L'CO=(3.4±0.6)×1010 K km s-1 pc2, which yields a molecular gas mass of MH2CO/4.3)=(1.5±0.3)×1011 M and unveils a gas-rich system with μgasC O/4.3)≡MH2/M=3.3±0.7. The extreme star formation efficiency of AzTEC/C159, parametrized by the ratio LIR/L'CO=(216±80) L (K km s-1 pc2)-1, is comparable to merger-driven starbursts such as local ultra-luminous infrared galaxies and SMGs. Likewise, the 12CO(5 →4)/CO(2 →1) line brightness temperature ratio of r52 = 0.55 ± 0.15 is consistent with high-excitation conditions as observed in SMGs. Based on mass budget considerations, we constrained the value for the L'CO - H2 mass conversion factor in AzTEC/C159, that is, αCO=3.9-1.3+2.7 M K-1 km-1 s pc-2, which is consistent with a self-gravitating molecular gas distribution as observed in local star-forming disk galaxies. Cold gas streams from cosmological filaments might be fueling a gravitationally unstable gas- rich disk in AzTEC/C159, which breaks into giant clumps and forms stars as efficiently as in merger-driven systems and generates high gas excitation. These results support the evolutionary connection between AzTEC/C159-like systems and massive quiescent disk galaxies at z 2.