Spitzer Microlensing Parallax for OGLE-2017-BLG-0896 Reveals a Counter-rotating 
Low-mass Brown Dwarf

Shvartzvald, Yossi; Yee, Jennifer C.; Skowron, Jan; Lee, Chung-Uk; Udalski, Andrzej; Calchi Novati, Sebastiano; Bozza, Valerio; Beichman, Charles A.; Bryden, Geoffery; Carey, Sean; Gaudi, B. Scott; Henderson, Calen B.; Zhu, Wei (Spitzer Team); Bachelet, Etienne; Bolt, Greg; Christie, Grant; Maoz, Dan; Natusch, Tim; Pogge, Richard W.; Street, Rachel A.; Tan, Thiam-Guan; Tsapras, Yiannis (LCO and μFUN Follow-up Teams); Pietrukowicz, Paweł; Soszyński, Igor; Szymański, Michał K.; Mróz, Przemek; Poleski, Radoslaw; Kozłowski, Szymon; Ulaczyk, Krzysztof; Pawlak, Michał; Rybicki, Krzysztof A.; Iwanek, Patryk (OGLE Collaboration); Albrow, Michael D.; Cha, Sang-Mok; Chung, Sun-Ju; Gould, Andrew; Han, Cheongho; Hwang, Kyu-Ha; Jung, Youn Kil; Kim, Dong-Jin; Kim, Hyoun-Woo; Kim, Seung-Lee; Lee, Dong-Joo; Lee, Yongseok; Park, Byeong-Gon; Ryu, Yoon-Hyun; Shin, In-Gu; Zang, Weicheng (KMTNet Collaboration); Dominik, Martin; Helling, Christiane; Hundertmark, Markus; Jørgensen, Uffe G.; Longa-Peña, Penelope; Lowry, Stephen; Sajadian, Sedighe; Burgdorf, Martin J.; Campbell-White, Justyn; Ciceri, Simona; Evans, Daniel F.; Fujii, Yuri I.; Hinse, Tobias C.; Rahvar, Sohrab; Rabus, Markus; Skottfelt, Jesper; Snodgrass, Colin; Southworth, John (MiNDSTEp Collaboration)

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Spitzer Microlensing Parallax for OGLE-2017-BLG-0896 Reveals a Counter-rotating Low-mass Brown Dwarf

MPS-Authors

Shvartzvald, Yossi
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Yee, Jennifer C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Skowron, Jan
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, Chung-Uk
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Udalski, Andrzej
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Calchi Novati, Sebastiano
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bozza, Valerio
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Beichman, Charles A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bryden, Geoffery
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Carey, Sean
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Gaudi, B. Scott
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Henderson, Calen B.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zhu, Wei (Spitzer Team)
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bachelet, Etienne
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Bolt, Greg
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Christie, Grant
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Maoz, Dan
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Natusch, Tim
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pogge, Richard W.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Street, Rachel A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Tan, Thiam-Guan
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Tsapras, Yiannis (LCO and μFUN Follow-up Teams)
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pietrukowicz, Paweł
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Soszyński, Igor
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Szymański, Michał K.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Mróz, Przemek
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Poleski, Radoslaw
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kozłowski, Szymon
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Pawlak, Michał
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rybicki, Krzysztof A.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Iwanek, Patryk (OGLE Collaboration)
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Albrow, Michael D.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Cha, Sang-Mok
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Chung, Sun-Ju
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Gould, Andrew
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Han, Cheongho
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hwang, Kyu-Ha
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jung, Youn Kil
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, Dong-Jin
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, Hyoun-Woo
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Kim, Seung-Lee
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, Dong-Joo
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lee, Yongseok
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Park, Byeong-Gon
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Shin, In-Gu
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Zang, Weicheng (KMTNet Collaboration)
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Dominik, Martin
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Helling, Christiane
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hundertmark, Markus
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Jørgensen, Uffe G.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Longa-Peña, Penelope
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Lowry, Stephen
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Sajadian, Sedighe
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Burgdorf, Martin J.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Campbell-White, Justyn
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Ciceri, Simona
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Evans, Daniel F.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Fujii, Yuri I.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Hinse, Tobias C.
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rahvar, Sohrab
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Rabus, Markus
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Skottfelt, Jesper
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Snodgrass, Colin
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

Southworth, John (MiNDSTEp Collaboration)
Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Max Planck Society and Cooperation Partners;

External Resource

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2019AJ....157..106S
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Citation

Shvartzvald, Y., Yee, J. C., Skowron, J., Lee, C.-U., Udalski, A., Calchi Novati, S., et al. (2019). Spitzer Microlensing Parallax for OGLE-2017-BLG-0896 Reveals a Counter-rotating Low-mass Brown Dwarf. The Astronomical Journal, 157.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0005-D250-3

Abstract

The kinematics of isolated brown dwarfs in the Galaxy, beyond the solar neighborhood, is virtually unknown. Microlensing has the potential to probe this hidden population, as it can measure both the mass and five of the six phase-space coordinates (all except the radial velocity) even of a dark isolated lens. However, the measurements of both the microlens-parallax and finite-source effects are needed in order to recover the full information. Here, we combine the Spitzer satellite parallax measurement with the ground-based light curve, which exhibits strong finite-source effects, of event OGLE-2017-BLG-0896. We find two degenerate solutions for the lens (due to the known satellite-parallax degeneracy), which are consistent with each other except for their proper motion. The lens is an isolated brown dwarf with a mass of either 18 ¬± 1 M _J or 20 ¬± 1 M _J. This is the lowest isolated-object mass measurement to date, only ~45% more massive than the theoretical deuterium-fusion boundary at solar metallicity, which is the common definition of a free-floating planet. The brown dwarf is located at either 3.9 ¬± 0.1 kpc or 4.1 ¬± 0.1 kpc toward the Galactic bulge, but with proper motion in the opposite direction of disk stars, with one solution suggesting it is moving within the Galactic plane. While it is possibly a halo brown dwarf, it might also represent a different, unknown population.