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Aircraft-based observation of meteoric material in lower stratospheric aerosol particles between 15 and 68°N

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Schneider,  Johannes
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Klimach,  Thomas
Multiphase Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons241660

Dragoneas,  Antonis
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Appel,  Oliver
Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons145444

Hünig,  Andreas
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons140247

Molleker,  Sergej
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Köllner,  Franziska
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons230428

Clemen,  Hans-Christian
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons204405

Eppers,  Oliver
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

Hoppe,  Peter
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Borrmann,  Stephan
Particle Chemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Schneider, J., Weigel, R., Klimach, T., Dragoneas, A., Appel, O., Hünig, A., et al. (2019). Aircraft-based observation of meteoric material in lower stratospheric aerosol particles between 15 and 68°N. Earth and Space Science Open Archive, in review. doi:10.1002/essoar.10501338.1.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-3A08-1
Abstract
Particles containing meteoric material were observed in the lower stratosphere during five aircraft research missions in recent years. Single particle laser ablation technique in a bipolar configuration was used to measure the chemical composition of particles in a size range of approximately 150 nm to 3 µm. The five aircraft missions, conducted between 2014 and 2018, cover a latitude range from 15 to 68°N. In total, more than 330 000 single particles were analyzed. A prominent fraction (more than 50 000) of the analyzed particles was characterized by strong abundances of magnesium, iron, and rare iron oxide compounds, together with sulfuric acid. This particle type was found almost exclusively in the stratosphere and is interpreted as meteoric material immersed or dissolved in stratospheric sulfuric acid particles. Below the tropopause the fraction of this particle type decreases sharply. However, small abundances were observed below 3000 m a.s.l. in the Canadian Arctic and also at the Jungfraujoch high altitude station (3600 m a.s.l.). Thus, the removal pathway by sedimentation and/or mixing into the troposphere is confirmed. Our data show that particles containing meteoric material are present in the lower stratosphere in very similar relative abundances, regardless of latitude or season. This finding suggests that the meteoric material is transported from the mesosphere into the stratosphere in the downward branch of the Brewer-Dobson-Circulation and efficiently distributed towards low latitudes by isentropic mixing. As a result, meteoric material is found in particles of the stratospheric Junge layer at all latitudes.