Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on 
star formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares

Klose, S.; Guelbenzu, A. M. Nicuesa; Michałowski, M. J.; Hunt, L. K.; Hartmann, D. H.; Greiner, J.; Rossi, A.; Palazzi, E.; Bernuzzi, S.

doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab528a

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Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on star formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares

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Greiner, J.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Klose, S., Guelbenzu, A. M. N., Michałowski, M. J., Hunt, L. K., Hartmann, D. H., Greiner, J., et al. (2019). Deep ATCA and VLA radio observations of short-GRB host galaxies. Constraints on star formation rates, afterglow flux, and kilonova radio flares. The Astrophysical Journal, 887(2): 206. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab528a.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-105D-0

Abstract

We report the results of an extensive radio-continuum observing campaign of host galaxies of short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The goal of this survey was to search for optically obscured star formation, possibly indicative of a population of young short-GRB progenitors. Our sample comprises the hosts and host-galaxy candidates of 16 short-GRBs from 2005 to 2015, corresponding to roughly one-third of the presently known ensemble of well-localized short bursts. Eight GRB fields were observed with ATCA (at 5.5 and 9.0 GHz), and eight fields with the VLA (mostly at 5.5 GHz). The observations typically achieved a 1σ _rms of 5–8 μJy. In most cases, they were performed years after the corresponding burst. No new short-GRB host with optically obscured star formation was found. Only one host galaxy was detected: that of GRB 100206A at z = 0.407. However, its starburst nature was already known from optical/IR data. Its measured radio flux can be interpreted as being due to a star formation rate of about 60 M _⊙ yr⁻¹. This is in good agreement with earlier expectations based on the observed broad-band spectral energy distribution of this galaxy. The 15 nondetections constrain the SFRs of the suspected host galaxies and provide upper limits on late-time luminosities of the associated radio afterglows and predicted kilonova radio flares. The nondetection of radio emission from GRB explosion sites confirms the intrinsically low luminosity of short-GRB afterglows and places significant constraints on the parameter space of magnetar-powered radio flares. Luminous radio flares from fiducial massive magnetars have not been found.