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Identifying and Measuring Developments in Artificial Intelligence: Making the Impossible Possible

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Baruffaldi,  Stefano Horst
MPI for Innovation and Competition, Max Planck Society;

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Harhoff,  Dietmar
MPI for Innovation and Competition, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Baruffaldi, S. H., van Beuzekom, B., Dernis, H., Harhoff, D., Rao, N., Rosenfeld, D., et al. (2020). Identifying and Measuring Developments in Artificial Intelligence: Making the Impossible Possible. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, No. 2020/05. doi:10.1787/5f65ff7e-en.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-5512-6
Abstract
This paper identifies and measures developments in science, algorithms and technologies related to artificial intelligence (AI). Using information from scientific publications, open source software (OSS) and patents, it finds a marked increase in AI-related developments over recent years. Since 2015, AI-related publications have increased by 23% per year; from 2014 to 2018, AI-related OSS contributions grew at a rate three times greater than other OSS contributions; and AI-related inventions comprised, on average, more than 2.3% of IP5 patent families in 2017. China’s growing role in the AI space also emerges. The analysis relies on a three-pronged approach based on established bibliometric and patent-based methods, and machine learning (ML) implemented on purposely collected OSS data.