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Photoelectron spectra of alkali metal-ammonia microjets: From blue electrolyte to bronze metal

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Schewe,  Hanns Christian
Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Ali,  Hebatallah
Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Winter,  Bernd
Molecular Physics, Fritz Haber Institute, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Buttersack, T., Mason, P. E., McMullen, R. S., Schewe, H. C., Martinek, T., Brezina, K., et al. (2020). Photoelectron spectra of alkali metal-ammonia microjets: From blue electrolyte to bronze metal. Science, 368(6495), 1086-1091. doi:10.1126/science.aaz7607.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-86CA-F
Abstract
Experimental studies of the electronic structure of excess electrons in liquids—archetypal quantum solutes—have been largely restricted to very dilute electron concentrations. We overcame this limitation by applying soft x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to characterize excess electrons originating from steadily increasing amounts of alkali metals dissolved in refrigerated liquid ammonia microjets. As concentration rises, a narrow peak at ~2 electron volts, corresponding to vertical photodetachment of localized solvated electrons and dielectrons, transforms continuously into a band with a sharp Fermi edge accompanied by a plasmon peak, characteristic of delocalized metallic electrons. Through our experimental approach combined with ab initio calculations of localized electrons and dielectrons, we obtain a clear picture of the energetics and density of states of the ammoniated electrons over the gradual transition from dilute blue electrolytes to concentrated bronze metallic solutions.