Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate pair density wave state 
coexisting with superconductivity

Choubey, Peayush; Joo, Sang Hyun; Fujita, K.; Du, Zengyi; Edkins, S. D.; Hamidian, M. H.; Eisaki, H.; Uchida, S.; Mackenzie, A. P.; Lee, Jinho; Davis, J. C. Séamus; Hirschfeld, P. J.

doi:10.1073/pnas.2002429117

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Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate pair density wave state coexisting with superconductivity

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Mackenzie, A. P.
Andrew Mackenzie, Physics of Quantum Materials, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Choubey, P., Joo, S. H., Fujita, K., Du, Z., Edkins, S. D., Hamidian, M. H., et al. (2020). Atomic-scale electronic structure of the cuprate pair density wave state coexisting with superconductivity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(26), 14805-14811. doi:10.1073/pnas.2002429117.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0006-BF27-8

Abstract

The defining characteristic of hole-doped cuprates is d-wave high temperature superconductivity. However, intense theoretical interest is now focused on whether a pair density wave state (PDW) could coexist with cuprate superconductivity [D. F. Agterberg et al., Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 11, 231 (2020)]. Here, we use a strong-coupling mean-field theory of cuprates, to model the atomic-scale electronic structure of an eight-unit-cell periodic, d-symmetry form factor, pair density wave (PDW) state coexisting with d-wave superconductivity (DSC). From this PDW + DSC model, the atomically resolved density of Bogoliubov quasiparticle states [Formula: see text] is predicted at the terminal BiO surface of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 and compared with high-precision electronic visualization experiments using spectroscopic imaging scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The PDW + DSC model predictions include the intraunit-cell structure and periodic modulations of [Formula: see text], the modulations of the coherence peak energy [Formula: see text] and the characteristics of Bogoliubov quasiparticle interference in scattering-wavevector space [Formula: see text] Consistency between all these predictions and the corresponding experiments indicates that lightly hole-doped Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8 does contain a PDW + DSC state. Moreover, in the model the PDW + DSC state becomes unstable to a pure DSC state at a critical hole density p*, with empirically equivalent phenomena occurring in the experiments. All these results are consistent with a picture in which the cuprate translational symmetry-breaking state is a PDW, the observed charge modulations are its consequence, the antinodal pseudogap is that of the PDW state, and the cuprate critical point at p* ≈ 19% occurs due to disappearance of this PDW. Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS.