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Gravitational test beyond the first post-Newtonian order with the shadow of the M87 black hole

MPG-Autoren
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Jimenez Rosales,  Alejandra
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Zitation

Psaltis, D., Medeiros, L., Christian, P., Özel, F., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, –. A., et al. (2020). Gravitational test beyond the first post-Newtonian order with the shadow of the M87 black hole. Physical Review Letters, 125(14): 141104. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.141104.


Zitierlink: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-898E-F
Zusammenfassung
The 2017 Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observations of the central source in M87 have led to the first measurement of the size of a black-hole shadow. This observation offers a new and clean gravitational test of the black-hole metric in the strong-field regime. We show analytically that spacetimes that deviate from the Kerr metric but satisfy weak-field tests can lead to large deviations in the predicted black-hole shadows that are inconsistent with even the current EHT measurements. We use numerical calculations of regular, parametric, non-Kerr metrics to identify the common characteristic among these different parametrizations that control the predicted shadow size. We show that the shadow-size measurements place significant constraints on deviation parameters that control the second post-Newtonian and higher orders of each metric and are, therefore, inaccessible to weak-field tests. The new constraints are complementary to those imposed by observations of gravitational waves from stellar-mass sources.