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Journal Article

Data-driven classification of spectral profiles reveals brain region-specific plasticity in blindness

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Lubinus,  Christina
Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Max Planck Society;

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Rimmele,  Johanna Maria
Department of Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Max Planck Society;
Department of Neurophysiology and Pathophysiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf ;

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Citation

Lubinus, C., Orpella, J., Keitel, A., Gudi-Mindermann, H., Engel, A. K., Roeder, B., et al. (2021). Data-driven classification of spectral profiles reveals brain region-specific plasticity in blindness. Cerebral Cortex, 31(5), 2505-2522. doi:10.1093/cercor/bhaa370.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-A05D-C
Abstract
Congenital blindness has been shown to result in behavioral adaptation and neuronal reorganization, but the underlying neuronal mechanisms are largely unknown. Brain rhythms are characteristic for anatomically defined brain regions and provide a putative mechanistic link to cognitive processes. In a novel approach, using magnetoencephalography resting state data of congenitally blind and sighted humans, deprivation-related changes in spectral profiles were mapped to the cortex using clustering and classification procedures. Altered spectral profiles in visual areas suggest changes in visual alpha-gamma band inhibitory-excitatory circuits. Remarkably, spectral profiles were also altered in auditory and right frontal areas showing increased power in theta-to-beta frequency bands in blind compared with sighted individuals, possibly related to adaptive auditory and higher cognitive processing. Moreover, occipital alpha correlated with microstructural white matter properties extending bilaterally across posterior parts of the brain. We provide evidence that visual deprivation selectively modulates spectral profiles, possibly reflecting structural and functional adaptation.