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Journal Article

Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry

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Pierini,  Federica
Emmy Noether Research Group Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Bonczarowska,  Joanna H.
IMPRS for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society;
Guest Group Evolutionary Medicine (Baines), Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Lenz,  Tobias L.
Emmy Noether Research Group Evolutionary Immunogenomics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Society;

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s42003-020-01627-4.pdf
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Citation

Immel, A., Pierini, F., Rinne, C., Meadows, J., Barquera, R., Szolek, A., et al. (2021). Genome-wide study of a Neolithic Wartberg grave community reveals distinct HLA variation and hunter-gatherer ancestry. Communications Biology, 4: 113. doi:10.1038/s42003-020-01627-4.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-A8E5-9
Abstract
The Wartberg culture (WBC, 3500-2800 BCE) dates to the Late Neolithic period, a time of important demographic and cultural transformations in western Europe. We performed genome-wide analyses of 42 individuals who were interred in a WBC collective burial in Niedertiefenbach, Germany (3300-3200 cal. BCE). The results showed that the farming population of Niedertiefenbach carried a surprisingly large hunter-gatherer ancestry component (34–58%). This component was most likely introduced during the cultural transformation that led to the WBC. In addition, the Niedertiefenbach individuals exhibited a distinct human leukocyte antigen gene pool, possibly reflecting an immune response that was geared towards detecting viral infections.