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Journal Article

H1 linker histones silence repetitive elements by promoting both histone H3K9 methylation and chromatin compaction

MPS-Authors

Swist-Rosowska,  Kalina
Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society;

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Nicholas,  Shukeir
Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society;

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Jenuwein,  Thomas
Department of Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Society;

External Resource

https://www.pnas.org/content/117/25/14251
(Publisher version)

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Citation

Healton, S. E., Pinto, H. D., Mishra, L. N., Hamilton, G. A., Wheat, J. C., Swist-Rosowska, K., et al. (2020). H1 linker histones silence repetitive elements by promoting both histone H3K9 methylation and chromatin compaction. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117, 14251-14258. doi:10.1073/pnas.1920725117.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-DA73-2
Abstract
Nearly 50% of mouse and human genomes are composed of repetitive sequences. Transcription of these sequences is tightly controlled during development to prevent genomic instability, inappropriate gene activation and other maladaptive processes. Here, we demonstrate an integral role for H1 linker histones in silencing repetitive elements in mouse embryonic stem cells. Strong H1 depletion causes a profound de-repression of several classes of repetitive sequences, including major satellite, LINE-1, and ERV. Activation of repetitive sequence transcription is accompanied by decreased H3K9 trimethylation of repetitive sequence chromatin. H1 linker histones interact directly with Suv39h1, Suv39h2, and SETDB1, the histone methyltransferases responsible for H3K9 trimethylation of chromatin within these regions, and stimulate their activity toward chromatin in vitro. However, we also implicate chromatin compaction mediated by H1 as an additional, dominant repressive mechanism for silencing of repetitive major satellite sequences. Our findings elucidate two distinct, H1-mediated pathways for silencing heterochromatin.