The GRAVITY young stellar object survey: IV. The CO overtone emission in 51 Oph 
at sub-au scales

Koutoulaki, M.; Lopez, R. Garcia; Natta, A.; Fedriani, R.; Garatti, A. Caratti o; Ray, T. P.; Coffey, D.; Brandner, W.; Dougados, C.; Garcia, P. J. V.; Klarmann, L.; Labadie, L.; Perraut, K.; Sanchez-Bermudez, J.; Lin, C.-C.; Amorim, A.; Bauböck, M.; Benisty, M.; Berger, J. P.; Buron, A.; Caselli, P.; Clénet, Y.; du Foresto, V. Coudé; de Zeeuw, P. T.; Duvert, G.; de Wit, W.; Eckart, A.; Eisenhauer, F.; Filho, M.; Gao, F.; Gendron, E.; Genzel, R.; Gillessen, S.; Grellmann, R.; Habibi, M.; Haubois, X.; Haussmann, F.; Henning, T.; Hippler, S.; Hubert, Z.; Horrobin, M.; Jimenez Rosales, A.; Jocou, L.; Kervella, P.; Kolb, J.; Lacour, S.; Le Bouquin, J.-B.; Léna, P.; Linz, H.; Ott, T.; Paumard, T.; Perrin, G.; Pfuhl, O.; Ramírez-Tannus, M. C.; Rau, C.; Rousset, G.; Scheithauer, S.; Shangguan, J.; Stadler, J.; Straub, O.; Straubmeier, C.; Sturm, E.; Dishoeck, E. van; Vincent, F.; Fellenberg, S. von; Widmann, F.; Wieprecht, E.; Wiest, M.; Wiezorrek, E.; Yazici, S.; Zins, G.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038000

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The GRAVITY young stellar object survey: IV. The CO overtone emission in 51 Oph at sub-au scales

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons216131

Bauböck, M.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons203290

Buron, A.
MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons133043

Caselli, P.
Center for Astrochemical Studies at MPE, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons225865

de Zeeuw, P. T.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4766

Eisenhauer, F.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons214427

Gao, F.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4590

Genzel, R.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4768

Gillessen, S.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons181377

Habibi, M.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons79044

Haussmann, F.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons216133

Jimenez Rosales, A.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16190

Ott, T.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons200120

Rau, C.
MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons232571

Shangguan, J.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons248280

Stadler, J.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons232635

Straub, O.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4650

Sturm, E.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4714

Dishoeck, E. van
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206120

Fellenberg, S. von
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons214431

Widmann, F.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16329

Wieprecht, E.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16335

Wiezorrek, E.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons203013

Yazici, S.
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Koutoulaki, M., Lopez, R. G., Natta, A., Fedriani, R., Garatti, A. C. o., Ray, T. P., et al. (2021). The GRAVITY young stellar object survey: IV. The CO overtone emission in 51 Oph at sub-au scales. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 645: A50. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038000.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0008-1522-A

Abstract

Context. 51 Oph is a Herbig Ae/Be star that exhibits strong near-infrared CO ro-vibrational emission at 2.3 μm, most likely originating in the innermost regions of a circumstellar disc.
Aims. We aim to obtain the physical and geometrical properties of the system by spatially resolving the circumstellar environment of the inner gaseous disc.
Methods. We used the second-generation Very Large Telescope Interferometer instrument GRAVITY to spatially resolve the continuum and the CO overtone emission. We obtained data over 12 baselines with the auxiliary telescopes and derive visibilities, and the differential and closure phases as a function of wavelength. We used a simple local thermal equilibrium ring model of the CO emission to reproduce the spectrum and CO line displacements.
Results. Our interferometric data show that the star is marginally resolved at our spatial resolution, with a radius of ~10.58 ± 2.65R_⊙. The K-band continuum emission from the disc is inclined by 63° ± 1°, with a position angle of 116° ± 1°, and 4 ± 0.8 mas (0.5 ± 0.1 au) across. The visibilities increase within the CO line emission, indicating that the CO is emitted within the dust-sublimation radius. By modelling the CO bandhead spectrum, we derive that the CO is emitted from a hot (T = 1900–2800 K) and dense (N_CO = (0.9–9) × 10²¹ cm⁻²) gas. The analysis of the CO line displacement with respect to the continuum allows us to infer that the CO is emitted from a region 0.10 ± 0.02 au across, well within the dust-sublimation radius. The inclination and position angle of the CO line emitting region is consistent with that of the dusty disc.
Conclusions. Our spatially resolved interferometric observations confirm the CO ro-vibrational emission within the dust-free region of the inner disc. Conventional disc models exclude the presence of CO in the dust-depleted regions of Herbig AeBe stars. Ad hoc models of the innermost disc regions, that can compute the properties of the dust-free inner disc, are therefore required.