Direct visualization of amlodipine intervention into living cells by means of 
fluorescence microscopy

Quentin, C.; Gerasimaite, R.; Freidzon, A.; Atabekyan, L. S.; Lukinavičius, G.; Belov, V. N.; Mitronova, G.

doi:10.3390/molecules26102997

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Direct visualization of amlodipine intervention into living cells by means of fluorescence microscopy

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Quentin, C.
Department of NanoBiophotonics, MPI for Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Gerasimaite, R.
Laboratory of Chromatin Labeling and Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Lukinavičius, G.
Laboratory of Chromatin Labeling and Imaging, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Belov, V. N.
Department of NanoBiophotonics, MPI for biophysical chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Mitronova, G.
Department of NanoBiophotonics, MPI for biophysical chemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Quentin, C., Gerasimaite, R., Freidzon, A., Atabekyan, L. S., Lukinavičius, G., Belov, V. N., et al. (2021). Direct visualization of amlodipine intervention into living cells by means of fluorescence microscopy. Molecules, 26(10): 2997. doi:10.3390/molecules26102997.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0008-C468-6

Abstract

Amlodipine, a unique long-lasting calcium channel antagonist and antihypertensive drug, has weak fluorescence in aqueous solutions. In the current paper, we show that direct visualization of amlodipine in live cells is possible due to the enhanced emission in cellular environment. We examined the impact of pH, polarity and viscosity of the environment as well as protein binding on the spectral properties of amlodipine in vitro, and used quantum chemical calculations for assessing the mechanism of fluorescence quenching in aqueous solutions. The confocal fluorescence microscopy shows that the drug readily penetrates the plasma membrane and accumulates in the intracellular vesicles. Visible emission and photostability of amlodipine allow confocal time-lapse imaging and the drug uptake monitoring.