An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

Bluhm, P.; Pallé, E.; Molaverdikhani, K.; Kemmer, J.; Hatzes, A.P.; Kossakowski, D.; Stock, S.; Caballero, J.A.; Lillo-Box, J.; Béjar, V.J.S.; Soto, M.G.; Amado, P.J.; Brown, P.; Cadieux, C.; Cloutier, R.; Collins, K.A.; Collins, K.I.; Cortés-Contreras, M.; Doyon, R.; Dreizler, S.; Espinoza, N.; Fukui, A.; González-Álvarez, E.; Henning, T.; Horne, K.; Jeffers, Sandra V.; Jenkins, J.M.; Jensen, E.L.N.; Kaminski, A.; Kielkopf, J.F.; Kusakabe, N.; Kürster, M.; Lafrenière, D.; Luque, R.; Murgas, F.; Montes, D.; Morales, J.C.; Narita, N.; Passegger, V.M.; Quirrenbach, A.; Schöfer, P.; Reffert, S.; Reiners, A.; Ribas, I.; Ricker, G.R.; Seager, S.; Schweitzer, A.; Schwarz, R.P.; Tamura, M.; Trifonov, T.; Vanderspek, R.; Winn, J.; Zechmeister, M.; Zapatero Osorio, M.R.

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140688

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An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685

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Jeffers, Sandra V.
Department Solar and Stellar Interiors, Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Max Planck Society;

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Bluhm, P., Pallé, E., Molaverdikhani, K., Kemmer, J., Hatzes, A., Kossakowski, D., et al. (2021). An ultra-short-period transiting super-Earth orbiting the M3 dwarf TOI-1685. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 650: A78. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140688.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-26B2-3

Abstract

Dynamical histories of planetary systems, as well as the atmospheric evolution of highly irradiated planets, can be studied by characterizing the ultra-short-period planet population, which the TESS mission is particularly well suited to discover. Here, we report on the follow-up of a transit signal detected in the TESS sector 19 photometric time series of the M3.0 V star TOI-1685 (2MASS J04342248+4302148). We confirm the planetary nature of the transit signal, which has a period of P_b = 0.6691403_−0.0000021^+0.0000023 d, using precise radial velocity measurements taken with the CARMENES spectrograph. From the joint photometry and radial velocity analysis, we estimate the following parameters for TOI-1685 b: a mass of M_b = 3.78_−0.63^+0.63 M_⊕, a radius of R_b = 1.70_−0.07^+0.07 R_⊕, which together result in a bulk density of ρ_b = 4.21_−0.82^+0.95 g cm⁻³, and an equilibrium temperature of T_eq = 1069₋₁₆⁺¹⁶ K. TOI-1685 b is the least dense ultra-short-period planet around an M dwarf known to date. TOI-1685 b is also one of the hottest transiting super-Earth planets with accurate dynamical mass measurements, which makes it a particularly attractive target for thermal emission spectroscopy. Additionally, we report with moderate evidence an additional non-transiting planet candidate in the system, TOI-1685 [c], which has an orbital period of P_c = 9.02_−0.12^+0.10 d.