Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE 
central Europe

Papac, Luka; Ernée, Michal; Dobeš, Miroslav; Langová, Michaela; Rohrlach, Adam Ben; Aron, Franziska; Neumann, Gunnar; Spyrou, Maria A.; Rohland, Nadin; Velemínský, Petr; Kuna, Martin; Brzobohatá, Hana; Culleton, Brendan; Daněček, David; Danielisová, Alžběta; Dobisíková, Miluše; Hložek, Josef; Kennett, Douglas J.; Klementová, Jana; Kostka, Michal; Krištuf, Petr; Kuchařík, Milan; Hlavová, Jana Kuljavceva; Limburský, Petr; Malyková, Drahomíra; Mattiello, Lucia; Petriščáková, Monika PecinovskáKatarína; Průchová, Erika; Stránská, Petra; Smejtek, Lubor; Šumberová, Jaroslav ŠpačekRadka; Švejcar, Ondřej; Trefný, Martin; Vávra, Miloš; Kolář, Jan; Volker , Heyd; Krause, Johannes; Pinhasi, Ron; Reich, David; Schiffels, Stephan; Haak, Wolfgang

doi:10.1126/sciadv.abi6941

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Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe

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Papac, Luka
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

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Rohrlach, Adam Ben
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons239676

Aron, Franziska
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons239489

Neumann, Gunnar
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons189338

Spyrou, Maria A.
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons72801

Krause, Johannes
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons188297

Schiffels, Stephan
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons186115

Haak, Wolfgang
Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Papac, L., Ernée, M., Dobeš, M., Langová, M., Rohrlach, A. B., Aron, F., et al. (2021). Dynamic changes in genomic and social structures in third millennium BCE central Europe. Science Advances, 7(35): 6941. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abi6941.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-1B0C-D

Abstract

Europe’s prehistory oversaw dynamic and complex interactions of diverse societies, hitherto unexplored at detailed regional scales. Studying 271 human genomes dated ~4900 to 1600 BCE from the European heartland, Bohemia, we reveal unprecedented genetic changes and social processes. Major migrations preceded the arrival of “steppe” ancestry, and at ~2800 BCE, three genetically and culturally differentiated groups coexisted. Corded Ware appeared by 2900 BCE, were initially genetically diverse, did not derive all steppe ancestry from known Yamnaya, and assimilated females of diverse backgrounds. Both Corded Ware and Bell Beaker groups underwent dynamic changes, involving sharp reductions and complete replacements of Y-chromosomal diversity at ~2600 and ~2400 BCE, respectively, the latter accompanied by increased Neolithic-like ancestry. The Bronze Age saw new social organization emerge amid a ≥40% population turnover.