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Journal Article

Circuit mechanisms for the chemical modulation of cortex-wide network interactions and behavioral variability

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Deco,  Gustavo
Center for Brain and Cognition, University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;
Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), University Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain;
Department Neuropsychology, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;
School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia;

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Pfeffer_2021.pdf
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Citation

Pfeffer, T., Ponce-Alvarez, A., Tsetsos, K., Meindertsma, T., Gahnström, C. J., van den Brink, R. L., et al. (2021). Circuit mechanisms for the chemical modulation of cortex-wide network interactions and behavioral variability. Science Advances, 7(29): eabf5620. doi:10.1126/sciadv.abf5620.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-2646-E
Abstract
Influential theories postulate distinct roles of catecholamines and acetylcholine in cognition and behavior. However, previous physiological work reported similar effects of these neuromodulators on the response properties (specifically, the gain) of individual cortical neurons. Here, we show a double dissociation between the effects of catecholamines and acetylcholine at the level of large-scale interactions between cortical areas in humans. A pharmacological boost of catecholamine levels increased cortex-wide interactions during a visual task, but not rest. An acetylcholine boost decreased interactions during rest, but not task. Cortical circuit modeling explained this dissociation by differential changes in two circuit properties: the local excitation-inhibition balance (more strongly increased by catecholamines) and intracortical transmission (more strongly reduced by acetylcholine). The inferred catecholaminergic mechanism also predicted noisier decision-making, which we confirmed for both perceptual and value-based choice behavior. Our work highlights specific circuit mechanisms for shaping cortical network interactions and behavioral variability by key neuromodulatory systems.