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Journal Article

Nucleolar release of rDNA repeats for repair involves SUMO-mediated untethering by the Cdc48/p97 segregase

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Capella,  Matías
Jentsch, Stefan / Molecular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society;

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den Brave,  Fabian
Jentsch, Stefan / Molecular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Pfander,  Boris
Pfander, Boris / DNA Replication and Genome Integrity, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Jentsch,  Stefan
Jentsch, Stefan / Molecular Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Capella, M., Mandemaker, I. K., Martin Caballero, L., den Brave, F., Pfander, B., Ladurner, A. G., et al. (2021). Nucleolar release of rDNA repeats for repair involves SUMO-mediated untethering by the Cdc48/p97 segregase. Nature Communications, 12(1): 4918. doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25205-2.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-47D1-B
Abstract
rDNA repeats residing in the nucleolus must be released to the nucleoplasm to allow repair by homologous recombination. Here the authors reveal insights into the molecular mechanism proposing that phosphorylation and SUMOylation of the rDNA-tethering complex facilitate the nucleolar release of damaged repeats to maintain genome integrity.
Ribosomal RNA genes (rDNA) are highly unstable and susceptible to rearrangement due to their repetitive nature and active transcriptional status. Sequestration of rDNA in the nucleolus suppresses uncontrolled recombination. However, broken repeats must be first released to the nucleoplasm to allow repair by homologous recombination. Nucleolar release of broken rDNA repeats is conserved from yeast to humans, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are currently unknown. Here we show that DNA damage induces phosphorylation of the CLIP-cohibin complex, releasing membrane-tethered rDNA from the nucleolus in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Downstream of phosphorylation, SUMOylation of CLIP-cohibin is recognized by Ufd1 via its SUMO-interacting motif, which targets the complex for disassembly through the Cdc48/p97 chaperone. Consistent with a conserved mechanism, UFD1L depletion in human cells impairs rDNA release. The dynamic and regulated assembly and disassembly of the rDNA-tethering complex is therefore a key determinant of nucleolar rDNA release and genome integrity.