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Journal Article

Nuclear pores dilate and constrict in cellulo

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Zimmerli,  Christian E.
Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;
Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany;
Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany;

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Allegretti,  Matteo
Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;
Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany;

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Obarska-Kosinska,  Agnieszka
Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;
EMBL Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany;

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Hummer,  Gerhard       
Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;
Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany;

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Beck,  Martin       
Department of Molecular Sociology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max Planck Society;
Structural and Computational Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany;

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Citation

Zimmerli, C. E., Allegretti, M., Rantos, V., Goetz, S. K., Obarska-Kosinska, A., Zagoriy, I., et al. (2021). Nuclear pores dilate and constrict in cellulo. Science, 374(6573): eabd9776. doi:10.1126/science.abd9776.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-796D-6
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) fuse the inner and outer nuclear membranes and mediate nucleocytoplasmic exchange. They are made of 30 different nucleoporins and form a cylindrical architecture around an aqueous central channel. This architecture is highly dynamic in space and time. Variations in NPC diameter have been reported, but the physiological circumstances and the molecular details remain unknown. Here we combined cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) with integrative structural modeling to capture a molecular movie of the respective large-scale conformational changes in cellulo. While NPCs of exponentially growing cells adopted a dilated conformation, they reversibly constricted upon cellular energy depletion or conditions of hypertonic osmotic stress. Our data point to a model where the nuclear envelope membrane tension is linked to the conformation of the NPC.