Datensatz

Zusammenfassung

Foraging for food is an integral part of animal survival. In small insects and inverte-brates, multisensory information and optimized locomotion strategies are used toeffectively forage in patchy and complex environments. Here, the importance ofolfactory cues for effective invertebrate foraging is discussed in detail. We reviewhow odors are used by foragers to move toward a likely food source and the recentmodels that describe this sensory-driven behavior. We argue that smell serves a sec-ond function by priming an organism for the efficient exploitation of food. Byappraising food odors, invertebrates can establish preferences and better adapt totheir ecological niches, thereby promoting survival. The smell of food pre-preparesthe gastrointestinal system and primes feeding motor programs for more effectiveingestion as well. Optimizing resource utilization affects longevity and reproductionas a result, leading to drastic changes in survival. We propose that models of foragingbehavior should include odor priming, and illustrate this with a simple toy modelbased on the marginal value theorem. Lastly, we discuss the novel techniques andassays in invertebrate research that could investigate the interactions between odorsensing and food intake. Overall, the sense of smell is indispensable for efficient for-aging and influences not only locomotion, but also organismal physiology, whichshould be reflected in behavioral modeling.