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Journal Article

Time-dependent lepto-hadronic modelling of the emission from blazar jets with SOPRANO: the case of TXS 0506+056, 3HSP J095507.9+355101, and 3C 279

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Bégué,  D.
High Energy Astrophysics, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Gasparyan, S., Bégué, D., & Sahakyan, N. (2021). Time-dependent lepto-hadronic modelling of the emission from blazar jets with SOPRANO: the case of TXS 0506+056, 3HSP J095507.9+355101, and 3C 279. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 509(2), 2102-2121. doi:10.1093/mnras/stab2688.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-E21A-B
Abstract
The observation of a very high-energy neutrino by IceCube (IceCube-170922A) and its association with the flaring blazar TXS 0506 + 056 provided the first multimessenger observations of blazar jets, demonstrating the important role of protons in their dynamics and emission. In this paper, we present SOPRANO (https://www.amsdc.am/soprano), a new conservative implicit kinetic code that follows the time evolution of the isotropic distribution functions of protons, neutrons, and the secondaries produced in photo-pion and photo-pair interactions, alongside with the evolution of photon and electron/positron distribution functions. SOPRANO is designed to study leptonic and hadronic processes in relativistic sources such as blazars and gamma-ray bursts. Here, we use SOPRANO to model the broadband spectrum of TXS 0506 + 056 and 3HSP J095507.9 + 355101, which are associated with neutrino events, and of the extreme flaring blazar 3C 279. The SEDs are interpreted within the guise of both a hadronic and a hybrid model. We discuss the implications of our assumptions in terms of jet power and neutrino flux.