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Abstract

We study the dynamics and conformations of a single active semiflexible polymer whose monomersexperience a propulsion force perpendicular to the local tangent, with the end beads being differentfrom the inner beads (“end-tailored”). Using Langevin simulations, we demonstrate that, apart fromsideways motion, the relative propulsion strength between the end beads and the polymer backbonesignificantly changes the conformational properties of the polymers as a function of bending stiffness,end-tailoring and propulsion force. Expectedly, for slower ends the polymer curves away from themoving direction, while faster ends lead to opposite curving, in both cases slightly reducing thecenter of mass velocity compared to a straight fiber. Interestingly, for faster end beads there is arich and dynamic morphology diagram: the polymer ends may get folded together to 2D loops orhairpin-like conformations that rotate due to their asymmetry in shape and periodic flapping motionaround a rather straight state during full propulsion is also possible. We rationalize the simulationsusing scaling and kinematic arguments and present the state diagram of the conformations. Sidewayspropelled fibers comprise a rather unexplored and versatile class of self-propellers, and their studywill open novel ways for designing, e.g. motile actuators or mixers in soft robotic.