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Abstract

Protein-protein interactions, including oligomerization, are involved in regulation of many cellular processes. Unfortunately, many proteins are expressed at a very low level in vivo, making it challenging to observe oligomerization by size-exclusion chromatography, also known as gel filtration. In this protocol, we present detailed steps to perform blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE), a method to study protein oligomers in plants. The article describes protein sample preparation from transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana and running a BN-PAGE gel followed by direct western blotting or, alternatively, two-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulfide-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D SDS-PAGE). This protocol will be helpful for new researchers conducting related experiments to analyze stable protein interactions including homo- or hetero-oligomerization in plants.