Off-centre gravity induces large-scale flow patterns in spherical 
Rayleigh–Bénard convection

Wang, Guiquan; Santelli, Luca; Verzicco, Roberto; Lohse, Detlef; Stevens, Richard J.A.M.

doi:10.1017/jfm.2022.360

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Off-centre gravity induces large-scale flow patterns in spherical Rayleigh–Bénard convection

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Lohse, Detlef
Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Wang, G., Santelli, L., Verzicco, R., Lohse, D., & Stevens, R. J. (2022). Off-centre gravity induces large-scale flow patterns in spherical Rayleigh–Bénard convection. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 942: A21. doi:10.1017/jfm.2022.360.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-8DB6-A

Abstract

We perform direct numerical simulations to study the effect of the gravity centre offset
in spherical Rayleigh–Bénard convection. When the gravity centre is shifted towards the
south, we find that the shift of the gravity centre has a pronounced influence on the flow
structures. At low Rayleigh number Ra, a steady-state large-scale meridional circulation
induced by the baroclinic imbalance, created by the misalignment of the gravity potentials
and isotherms, is formed. At high Ra, an energetic jet is created on the northern side of the
inner sphere that is directed towards the outer sphere. The large-scale circulation induces
a strong co-latitudinal dependence in the local heat flux. Nevertheless, the global heat flux
is not affected by the changes in the large-scale flow organization induced by the gravity
centre offset.