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Abstract

Transposable elements (TE) are genetic sequences defined by their ability to change their location within a genome. They constitute large proportions of eukaryotic genomes, especially in plants. TEs are often well characterized at the species level, but TE variation among species populations has been a subject of little study despite the fact that their activity is a known source of genetic novelty, and thus contribute to local adaptation, and they are key component of genome evolution dynamics. First, we annotated the TEs of a new assembly of the potential crop Thlaspi arvense and then surveyed the extent of TE mobilization in twelve widely geographically distributed populations. This species, an emerging oil feedstock, is a close relative to Arabidopsis thaliana and has shown a broad climate distribution. We have documented sources of TE variation present in T. arvense in its native and naturalized ranges with the aim to examine the impact of this variation at the genetic and epigenetic level.