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Journal Article

Nonlinearities in black hole ringdowns

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Vu,  Nils
Astrophysical and Cosmological Relativity, AEI-Golm, MPI for Gravitational Physics, Max Planck Society;

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2208.07380.pdf
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Citation

Mitman, K., Lagos, M., Stein, L. C., Ma, S., Hui, L., Chen, Y., et al. (2023). Nonlinearities in black hole ringdowns. Physical Review Letters, 130(8): 081402. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.081402.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000A-EF60-D
Abstract
The gravitational wave strain emitted by a perturbed black hole (BH) ringing
down is typically modeled analytically using first-order BH perturbation
theory. In this Letter we show that second-order effects are necessary for
modeling ringdowns from BH merger simulations. Focusing on the strain's
$(\ell,m)=(4,4)$ angular harmonic, we show the presence of a quadratic effect
across a range of binary BH mass ratios that agrees with theoretical
expectations. We find that the quadratic $(4,4)$ mode amplitude exhibits
quadratic scaling with the fundamental $(2,2)$ mode -- its parent mode. The
nonlinear mode's amplitude is comparable to or even larger than that of the
linear $(4,4)$ modes. Therefore correctly modeling ringdown -- improving
mismatches by an order of magnitude -- requires the inclusion of nonlinear
effects.