被边缘化的“常识先生”:跨国视野下的潘恩与美国革命 [The Marginalized ‘Mr. Common Sense’: Thomas Paine 
and the American Revolution in a Transnational Perspective]

Xing, Chengji

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被边缘化的“常识先生”:跨国视野下的潘恩与美国革命 [The Marginalized ‘Mr. Common Sense’: Thomas Paine and the American Revolution in a Transnational Perspective]

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Xing, Chengji
External, Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Xing, C. (2019). 被边缘化的“常识先生”:跨国视野下的潘恩与美国革命 [The Marginalized ‘Mr. Common Sense’: Thomas Paine and the American Revolution in a Transnational Perspective]. 历史研究 [The Historical Research], 4.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000B-3319-0

Abstract

过去以民族国家为中心的历史叙事对托马斯·潘恩的解读多局限于对他作为"常识先生"这一角色的讨论,然而这种相对单一的理解忽略了《常识》发表前后潘恩在英、美、法三国更为复杂的跨国经历,遮蔽了他对美国革命曾经怀有的世界主义理想,更掩盖了潘恩在美国建国初期的政治中所遭遇的边缘化困境。美国革命从由潘恩等人主张的世界主义、跨大西洋世界中的一场革命,逐渐被赋予本土主义和例外的内涵,而潘恩当初所倡导的美国革命的意义,也日渐为人所遗忘。重新梳理潘恩在英、美、法三国的经历,不仅有助于重新认识潘恩被主流历史叙事忽略的思想侧面,也有利于从潘恩的视角出发,突破美国例外论的叙事模式,重新审视为美国革命叙事所掩盖的启蒙时代的世界主义和跨大西洋的激进主义。