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Barrier-properties of Nup98 FG phases ruled by FG motif identity and inter-FG spacer length

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Ng,  Sheung Chun
Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Huyton,  Trevor
Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Schünemann,  J.
Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Görlich,  Dirk
Department of Cellular Logistics, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Ng, S. C., Biswas, A., Huyton, T., Schünemann, J., Reber, S., & Görlich, D. (2022). Barrier-properties of Nup98 FG phases ruled by FG motif identity and inter-FG spacer length. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2022.10.14.512266.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000B-4BB3-7
Abstract
Nup98 FG repeat domains comprise hydrophobic FG motifs linked through uncharged spacers. FG motifs capture nuclear transport receptors (NTRs) during nuclear pore complex (NPC) passage, confer inter-repeat cohesion, and condense the domains into a selective phase with NPC-typical barrier properties. We found that shortening inter-FG spacers enhances cohesion, increases phase density, and tightens such barrier – consistent with a sieve-like phase. Phase separation tolerated mutations of Nup98-typical GLFG motifs, provided the domain-hydrophobicity remained preserved. NTR-entry, however, was sensitive to (certain) deviations from canonical FG motifs, suggesting a co-evolutionary adaptation. Unexpectedly, we found that arginines promote efficient FG-phase entry also by means other than cation-π interactions. Although incompatible with NTR·cargo complexes, a YG phase displayed remarkable transport selectivity, particularly for evolved GFPNTR-variants. GLFG to FSFG mutations made the FG phase hypercohesive, precluding NTR-entry. Longer spacers relieved this hypercohesive phenotype. The antagonism between cohesion and NTR·FG interactions appears thus key to transport selectivity.