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Genome-wide study identifies epistatic interactions between immune genes in Arabidopsis

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Zhu,  W       
Department Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Zhu, W. (2019). Genome-wide study identifies epistatic interactions between immune genes in Arabidopsis. Poster presented at XVIII Congress of the International Society for Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions (IS-MPMI 2019), Glasgow, UK.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000B-6C7C-2
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, the quantitative resistance gene ACCELERATED CELL DEATH 6 (ACD6) has been implicated in the trade-off between growth and defense in natural strains. ACD6-Est-1-type alleles can lead to spontaneous activation of immune responses, including leaf necrosis. The extent of visible hyperimmunity varies, however, substantially between ACD6-Est-1 carriers. To identify genes that modulate ACD6 activity, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 84 strains that carry the ACD6-Est-1 allele. GWA together with linkage analysis identified both MODULATORS OF HYPERACTIVE ACD6 1 (MHA1, an unknown gene) and MHA2 (an uncharacterized subtilase) as ACD6
modifiers for cell death regulation. MHA1, coding for a small protein of ~7kDa, and its paralog MHA1-LIKE (MHAL) differentially interact with different ACD6 protein variants, and MHA1/MHAL interactions with ACD6 are important for expression of autoimmunity as well as disease resistance. Haplotype analysis suggested that the epistatic interactions between the ACD6-Est-1 allele and its modifiers have been favoured by natural selection in the field. We propose that allelic diversity at MHA1 and MHA2 contributes to the maintenance of ACD6-Est-1 in A. thaliana populations, and that epistatic interactions are an important component of quantitative disease resistance.