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Abstract

The recent discovery of a kilonova associated with an apparent long-duration
gamma-ray burst has challenged the typical classification that long gamma-ray
bursts originate from the core collapse of massive stars and short gamma-ray
bursts are from compact binary coalescence. The kilonova indicates a neutron
star merger origin and suggests the viability of gravitational-wave and long
gamma-ray burst multimessenger astronomy. Gravitational waves play a crucial
role by providing independent information for the source properties. This work
revisits the archival 2015-2020 LIGO/Virgo gravitational-wave candidates from
the 4-OGC catalog which are consistent with a binary neutron star or neutron
star-black hole merger and the long-duration gamma-ray bursts from the
Fermi-GBM and Swift-BAT catalogs. We search for spatial and temporal
coincidence with up to 10 s time lag between gravitational-wave candidates and
the onset of long-duration gamma-ray bursts. The most significant candidate
association has only a false alarm rate of once every two years; given the
LIGO/Virgo observational period, this is consistent with a null result. We
report an exclusion distance for each search candidate for a fiducial
gravitational-wave signal and conservative viewing angle assumptions.