Macrophages inhibit Coxiella burnetii by the ACOD1-itaconate pathway for 
containment of Q fever

Kohl, Lisa; Siddique, Md Nur A. Alam; Bodendorfer, Barbara; Berger, Raffaela; Preikschat, Annica; Daniel, Christoph; Oelke, Martha; Liebler-Tenorio, Elisabeth; Schulze-Luehrmann, Jan; Mauermeir, Michael; Yang, Kai-Ting; Hayek, Inaya; Szperlinski, Manuela; Andrack, Jennifer; Schleicher, Ulrike; Bozec, Aline; Kroenke, Gerhard; Murray, Peter J.; Wirtz, Stefan; Yamamoto, Masahiro; Schatz, Valentin; Jantsch, Jonathan; Oefner, Peter; Degrandi, Daniel; Pfeffer, Klaus; Mertens-Scholz, Katja; Rauber, Simon; Bogdan, Christian; Dettmer, Katja; Luehrmann, Anja; Lang, Roland

doi:10.15252/emmm.202215931

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Macrophages inhibit Coxiella burnetii by the ACOD1-itaconate pathway for containment of Q fever

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Murray, Peter J.
Murray, Peter / Immunoregulation, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Kohl, L., Siddique, M. N. A. A., Bodendorfer, B., Berger, R., Preikschat, A., Daniel, C., et al. (2022). Macrophages inhibit Coxiella burnetii by the ACOD1-itaconate pathway for containment of Q fever. EMBO Molecular Medicine, e15931. doi:10.15252/emmm.202215931.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000C-2A6B-E

Abstract

Infection with the intracellular bacterium Coxiella (C.) burnetii can cause chronic Q fever with severe complications and limited treatment options. Here, we identify the enzyme cis-aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1 or IRG1) and its product itaconate as protective host immune pathway in Q fever. Infection of mice with C. burnetii induced expression of several anti-microbial candidate genes, including Acod1. In macrophages, Acod1 was essential for restricting C. burnetii replication, while other antimicrobial pathways were dispensable. Intratracheal or intraperitoneal infection of Acod1(-/-) mice caused increased C. burnetii burden, weight loss and stronger inflammatory gene expression. Exogenously added itaconate restored pathogen control in Acod1(-/-) mouse macrophages and blocked replication in human macrophages. In axenic cultures, itaconate directly inhibited growth of C. burnetii. Finally, treatment of infected Acod1(-/-) mice with itaconate efficiently reduced the tissue pathogen load. Thus, ACOD1-derived itaconate is a key factor in the macrophage-mediated defense against C. burnetii and may be exploited for novel therapeutic approaches in chronic Q fever.