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Abstract

Intermediate-scale quantum devices are becoming more reliable, and may soon
be harnessed to solve useful computational tasks. At the same time, common
classical methods used to verify their computational output become intractable
due to a prohibitive scaling of required resources with system size. Inspired
by recent experimental progress, here we describe and analyze efficient
cross-platform verification protocols for quantum states and show how these can
be used to verify computations. We focus on the pair-wise comparison between
distant nodes of a quantum network, identify the most promising protocols and
then discuss how they can be implemented in laboratory settings. As a proof of
principle, we implement basic versions of these schemes on available quantum
processors.