Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease

Skou Nielsen, CP; Han, L; Arribas-Hernández, L; Karelina, D; Petersen, M; Brodersen, P

doi:10.1101/2023.01.10.523395

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Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease

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Karelina, D
Department Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Skou Nielsen, C., Han, L., Arribas-Hernández, L., Karelina, D., Petersen, M., & Brodersen, P. (submitted). Sensing of viral RNA in plants via a DICER-LIKE Ribonuclease.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000C-3EC3-3

Abstract

Sensors of intracellular double-stranded RNA are central components of metazoan innate antiviral immunity, but such sensors have not been identified in plants. RNA interference (RNAi) constitutes a potent plant antiviral defense mechanism that relies on conversion of viral RNA into small interfering RNAs by two DICER-LIKE (DCL) ribonucleases, DCL4 and DCL2. Here, we show that while plant DCL4 is dedicated to RNAi, cytoplasmic dicing by DCL2 also triggers RNAi-independent defense gene expression via at least two intracellular nucleotide-binding domain/leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. Combined DCL4/NLR inactivation abrogates basal resistance to a positive strand RNA virus. Our results redefine the basis of plant antiviral immunity, including autoimmunity as an explanation for DCL2-dependent growth arrest in dcl and RNA decay mutants in several plant species.