PHANGS: constraining star formation time-scales using the spatial correlations 
of star clusters and giant molecular clouds

Turner, Jordan A; Dale, Daniel A; Lilly, James; Boquien, Mederic; Deger, Sinan; Lee, Janice C; Whitmore, Bradley C; Anand, Gagandeep S; Benincasa, Samantha M; Bigiel, Frank; Blanc, Guillermo A; Chevance, Mélanie; Emsellem, Eric; Faesi, Christopher M; Glover, Simon C O; Grasha, Kathryn; Hughes, Annie; Klessen, Ralf S; Kreckel, Kathryn; Kruijssen, J M Diederik; Leroy, Adam K; Pan, Hsi-An; Rosolowsky, Erik; Schruba, Andreas; Williams, Thomas G

doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2559

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PHANGS: constraining star formation time-scales using the spatial correlations of star clusters and giant molecular clouds

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Schruba, Andreas
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Turner, J. A., Dale, D. A., Lilly, J., Boquien, M., Deger, S., Lee, J. C., et al. (2022). PHANGS: constraining star formation time-scales using the spatial correlations of star clusters and giant molecular clouds. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 516(3), 4612-4626. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2559.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000C-8097-8

Abstract

In the hierarchical view of star formation, giant molecular clouds (GMCs) undergo fragmentation to form small-scale structures made up of stars and star clusters. Here we study the connection between young star clusters and cold gas across a range of extragalactic environments by combining the high resolution (1″) PHANGS–ALMA catalogue of GMCs with the star cluster catalogues from PHANGS–HST. The star clusters are spatially matched with the GMCs across a sample of 11 nearby star-forming galaxies with a range of galactic environments (centres, bars, spiral arms, etc.). We find that after 4 − 6 Myr the star clusters are no longer associated with any gas clouds. Additionally, we measure the autocorrelation of the star clusters and GMCs as well as their cross-correlation to quantify the fractal nature of hierarchical star formation. Young (≤10 Myr) star clusters are more strongly autocorrelated on kpc and smaller spatial scales than the >10 Myr stellar populations, indicating that the hierarchical structure dissolves over time.