GRAVITY faint: reducing noise sources in GRAVITY plus with a fast metrology 
attenuation system

Widmann, Felix; Gillessen, Stefan; Ott, Thomas; Shimizu, Taro; Eisenhauer, Frank; Fabricius, Maximilian; Woillez, Julien; Gonté, Frédéric; Horrobin, Matthew; Jinyi, Shangguan; Yazici, Senol; Perrin, Guy; Paumard, Thibaut; Brandner, Wolfgang; Kreidberg, Laura; Straubmeier, Christian; Perraut, Karin; Le Bouquin, Jean-Baptiste; Garcia, Paulo; Hönig, Sebastian; Defrère, Denis; Bourdarot, Guillaume; Drescher, Antonia; Feuchtgruber, Helmut; Genzel, Reinhard; Hartl, Michael; Lutz, Dieter; More, Nikhil; Rau, Christian; Uysal, Sinem; Wieprecht, Ekkehard

doi:10.1117/12.2628813

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GRAVITY faint: reducing noise sources in GRAVITY plus with a fast metrology attenuation system

MPS-Authors

/persons/resource/persons214431

Widmann, Felix
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4768

Gillessen, Stefan
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16190

Ott, Thomas
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons206401

Shimizu, Taro
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4766

Eisenhauer, Frank
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4654

Fabricius, Maximilian
Optical and Interpretative Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons232571

Jinyi, Shangguan
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons203013

Yazici, Senol
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons268015

Bourdarot, Guillaume
MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons254980

Drescher, Antonia
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16286

Feuchtgruber, Helmut
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4590

Genzel, Reinhard
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons138161

Hartl, Michael
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons4584

Lutz, Dieter
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons286011

More, Nikhil
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons200120

Rau, Christian
MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons286013

Uysal, Sinem
MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

/persons/resource/persons16329

Wieprecht, Ekkehard
Infrared and Submillimeter Astronomy, MPI for Extraterrestrial Physics, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Widmann, F., Gillessen, S., Ott, T., Shimizu, T., Eisenhauer, F., Fabricius, M., et al. (2022). GRAVITY faint: reducing noise sources in GRAVITY plus with a fast metrology attenuation system. In Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VIII. doi:10.1117/12.2628813.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000C-855F-4

Abstract

With the upgrade from GRAVITY to GRAVITY+ the instrument will evolve to an all-sky interferometer that can observe faint targets, such as high redshift AGN. Observing the faintest targets requires reducing the noise sources in GRAVITY as much as possible. The dominant noise source, especially in the blue part of the spectrum, is the backscattering of the metrology laser light onto the detector. To reduce this noise we introduce two new metrology modes. With a combination of small hardware changes and software adaptations, we can dim the metrology laser during the observation without losing the phase referencing. For single beam targets, we can even turn off the metrology laser for the maximum SNR on the detector. These changes lead to a SNR improvement of over a factor of two averaged over the whole spectrum and up to a factor of eight in the part of the spectrum currently dominated by laser noise.