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Thiol-mediated uptake of a cysteine-containing nanobody for anticancer drug delivery

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Goerdeler,  Felix
Oren Moscovitz, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Reuber,  Emelie
Peter H. Seeberger - Vaccine Development, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Lühle,  Jost
Oren Moscovitz, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Leichnitz,  Sabrina
Peter H. Seeberger - Vaccine Development, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Freitag,  Anika
Oren Moscovitz, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Seeberger,  Peter H.       
Peter H. Seeberger - Vaccine Development, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Moscovitz,  Oren       
Oren Moscovitz, Biomolekulare Systeme, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Goerdeler, F., Reuber, E., Lühle, J., Leichnitz, S., Freitag, A., Nedielkov, R., et al. (2023). Thiol-mediated uptake of a cysteine-containing nanobody for anticancer drug delivery. ACS Central Science, 9(6), 1111-1118. doi:10.1021/acscentsci.3c00177.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-31D0-0
Abstract
The identification of tumor-specific biomarkers is one of the bottlenecks in the development of cancer therapies. Previous work revealed altered surface levels of reduced/oxidized cysteines in many cancers due to overexpression of redox-controlling proteins such as protein disulfide isomerases on the cell surface. Alterations in surface thiols can promote cell adhesion and metastasis, making thiols attractive targets for treatment. Few tools are available to study surface thiols on cancer cells and exploit them for theranostics. Here, we describe a nanobody (CB2) that specifically recognizes B cell lymphoma and breast cancer in a thiol-dependent manner. CB2 binding strictly requires the presence of a nonconserved cysteine in the antigen-binding region and correlates with elevated surface levels of free thiols on B cell lymphoma compared to healthy lymphocytes. Nanobody CB2 can induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity against lymphoma cells when functionalized with synthetic rhamnose trimers. Lymphoma cells internalize CB2 via thiol-mediated endocytosis which can be exploited to deliver cytotoxic agents. CB2 internalization combined with functionalization forms the basis for a wide range of diagnostic and therapeutic applications, rendering thiol-reactive nanobodies promising tools for targeting cancer.