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Journal Article

Wide-spread brain activation and reduced CSF flow during avian REM sleep

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Ungurean,  Gianina
Research Group Avian Sleep / Rattenborg, Seewiesen, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Max Planck Society;
External Organizations;

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Böger,  Leonard       
International Max Planck Research School (IMPRS) for Brain and Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior – caesar, Max Planck Society;
Max Planck Research Group Genetics of Behavior, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior – caesar, Max Planck Society;
Max Planck Research Group Neural Information Flow, Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology of Behavior – caesar, Max Planck Society;

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Rattenborg,  Niels Christian
Research Group Avian Sleep / Rattenborg, Seewiesen, Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence, Max Planck Society;
External Organizations;

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Citation

Ungurean, G., Behroozi, M., Böger, L., Helluy, X., Libourel, P.-A., Güntürkün, O., et al. (2023). Wide-spread brain activation and reduced CSF flow during avian REM sleep. Nature Communications, 14: 3259. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38669-1.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-4609-B
Abstract
Mammalian sleep has been implicated in maintaining a healthy extracellular environment in the brain. During wakefulness, neuronal activity leads to the accumulation of toxic proteins, which the glymphatic system is thought to clear by flushing cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) through the brain. In mice, this process occurs during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. In humans, ventricular CSF flow has also been shown to increase during NREM sleep, as visualized using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The link between sleep and CSF flow has not been studied in birds before. Using fMRI of naturally sleeping pigeons, we show that REM sleep, a paradoxical state with wake-like brain activity, is accompanied by the activation of brain regions involved in processing visual information, including optic flow during flight. We further demonstrate that ventricular CSF flow increases during NREM sleep, relative to wakefulness, but drops sharply during REM sleep. Consequently, functions linked to brain activation during REM sleep might come at the expense of waste clearance during NREM sleep.