Gapless detection of broadband terahertz pulses using a metal surface in air 
based on field-induced second-harmonic generation

Tanaka, S.; Murotani, Y.; Sato, S.; Fujimoto, T.; Matsuda, T.; Kanda, N.; Matsunaga, R.; Yoshinobu, J.

doi:10.1063/5.0153667

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Gapless detection of broadband terahertz pulses using a metal surface in air based on field-induced second-harmonic generation

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Sato, S.
Center for Computational Sciences, University of Tsukuba;
Theory Group, Theory Department, Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Tanaka, S., Murotani, Y., Sato, S., Fujimoto, T., Matsuda, T., Kanda, N., et al. (2023). Gapless detection of broadband terahertz pulses using a metal surface in air based on field-induced second-harmonic generation. Applied Physics Letters, 122(25): 251101. doi:10.1063/5.0153667.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-56EE-7

Abstract

We investigate second-harmonic generation (SHG) light from a Pt surface in atmosphere under terahertz (THz) pulses. THz pulse-modulated SHG intensity, ΔI_2ω⁠, shows a clear time profile of the THz field, which is similar to that of the conventional electro-optic sampling. The result can be explained by interference between THz field-induced second-harmonic light from air molecules in an optical path and a local oscillator from a Pt surface, whereby heterodyne detection of the THz waveform can be achieved. Using numerical calculations of a wave equation, we discuss the contribution of the Gouy phases of all the pulses, including near-infrared, SHG, and THz pulses, and identification of effective nonlinear susceptibility of the Pt surface. Our method, simply using a polished metal surface and air molecules, does not suffer from phonons or phase matching in solid-state optics and does not require any power supply, bias voltage, or fabrication process, but it offers a simple and gapless sampling method for broadband THz pulses. Here, we demonstrate the gapless detection of a broadband THz pulse in the region of 0.2–20 THz using this method.