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Genetic effects on structural and functional properties of sensorimotor-association axis of cortical organization are selectively distinct

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Schaare,  Herma Lina       
Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Valk,  Sofie L.       
Otto Hahn Group Cognitive Neurogenetics, MPI for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Max Planck Society;

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Bignardi_pre_v2.pdf
(Preprint), 2MB

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Bignardi_pre_Suppl.pdf
(Supplementary material), 294KB

Citation

Bignardi, G., Nivard, M., Schaare, H. L., Bernhardt, B. C., Bethlehem, R., Fisher, S. E., et al. (2024). Genetic effects on structural and functional properties of sensorimotor-association axis of cortical organization are selectively distinct. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.07.13.548817.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000D-742D-F
Abstract
The topological differentiation of sensorimotor and association cortical regions along a sensorimotor-association (S-A) axis has undergone profound evolutionary change along the mammalian lineage. In humans, patterns of gene expression, microstructure, and functional connectivity have been shown to vary systematically along such S-A axis. Despite robust spatial relationships between these different neurobiological traits, whether common genetic pressures shape the S-A axis across traits remains poorly understood. In this study, we exploit observed pervasive inter-individual variation in the S-A axis to capture its genetic architecture and to study shared common genetic sources of structure-function relationships. To do so, we applied a structural equation modeling framework, which reduced the issue of measurement error heterogeneity across the cortex and its impact on structure-function relationship estimates. We then used genetic relatedness across pairs of twins and removed intra-individual differences to focus on the reliable inter-individual differences along the S-A functional axis. Notwithstanding robust spatial relationships and highly heritable inter-individual differences in S-A axis microstructure and functional organisation, and contrary to group-level findings, our results indicate distinct genetic effects across the different S-A axis properties. Together, our observations challenge the notion of a common genetic cause for the association between S-A axis structural and functional properties. Our approach highlights the diversity of genetic origins of brain features that co-vary along the S-A axis, which is key to interrogating inter-individual variability in brain organisation and its consequences on cognition.