Cross-Linking Hollow Carbon Sheet Encapsulated CuP2 Nanocomposites for High 
Energy Density Sodium-Ion Batteries

Chen, S.; Wu, F.; Shen, L.; Huang, Y.; Sinha, S. K.; Srot, V.; van Aken, P. A.; Maier, J.; Yu, Y.

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Cross-Linking Hollow Carbon Sheet Encapsulated CuP₂ Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Sodium-Ion Batteries

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van Aken, P. A.
Scientific Facility Stuttgart Center for Electron Microscopy (Peter A. van Aken), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Maier, J.
Department Physical Chemistry of Solids (Joachim Maier), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Chen, S., Wu, F., Shen, L., Huang, Y., Sinha, S. K., Srot, V., et al. (2018). Cross-Linking Hollow Carbon Sheet Encapsulated CuP₂ Nanocomposites for High Energy Density Sodium-Ion Batteries. ACS Nano, 12(7), 7018-7027.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-D8F2-D

Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries (SIB) are regarded as the most promising competitors to lithium-ion batteries in spite of expected electrochemical disadvantages. Here a "cross-linking" strategy is proposed to mitigate the typical SIB problems. We present a SIB full battery that exhibits a working potential of 3.3 V and an energy density of 180 Wh kg(-1) with good cycle life. The anode is composed of cross-linking hollow carbon sheet encapsulated CuP2 nanoparticles (CHCS-CuP2) and a cathode of carbon coated Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 (C-NVPF). For the preparation of the CHCS-CuP2 nanocomposites, we develop an in situ phosphorization approach, which is superior to mechanical mixing. Such CHCS-CuP2 nanocomposites deliver a high reversible capacity of 451 mAh g(-1) at 80 mA g(-1), showing an excellent capacity retention ratio of 91% in 200 cycles together with good rate capability and stable cycling performance. Post mortem analysis reveals that the linking hollow carbon sheet structure as well as the initially formed SEI layers are well preserved. Moreover, the inner electrochemical resistances do not significantly change. We believe that the presented battery system provides significant progress regarding practical application of SIB.