Easily Accessible, Textile Fiber-Based Sulfurized Poly(acrylonitrile) as Li/S 
Cathode Material: Correlating Electrochemical Performance with Morphology and 
Structure

Frey, M.; Zenn, R.; Warneke, S.; Müller, K.; Hintennach, A.; Dinnebier, R. E.; Buchmeiser, M.

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Easily Accessible, Textile Fiber-Based Sulfurized Poly(acrylonitrile) as Li/S Cathode Material: Correlating Electrochemical Performance with Morphology and Structure

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Müller, K.
Scientific Facility Interface Analysis (Ulrich Starke), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Dinnebier, R. E.
Scientific Facility X-Ray Diffraction (Robert E. Dinnebier), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Frey, M., Zenn, R., Warneke, S., Müller, K., Hintennach, A., Dinnebier, R. E., et al. (2017). Easily Accessible, Textile Fiber-Based Sulfurized Poly(acrylonitrile) as Li/S Cathode Material: Correlating Electrochemical Performance with Morphology and Structure. ACS Energy Letters, 2(3), 595-604.

Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-D32E-1

Abstract

Lithium-sulfur (Li/S) technology holds great promise for efficient, safe, and economic next-generation batteries. However, commercialization is limited by some issues, which are related to the fast degradation of Li/S cells and poor rate capability. Existing strategies addressing these issues are often unsuitable for commercialization because of their complexity and lack of scalability. This Letter presents a simple, cheap, and scalable synthesis of a sulfur-based cathode material from commercially available poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(acrylonitrile) (PMMA/PAN) fibers. Thermal conversion of PMMA/PAN fibers with elemental sulfur yields sulfurized poly(acrylonitrile) (SPAN) with up to 46 wt % covalently bound sulfur. The fibrous morphology with cylindrical macropores helps to form electronic conduction networks in the cathode and provides directed diffusion pathways for ions. Consequently, these Li/SPAN cells show low internal resistances, high initial capacities up to 1672 mAh center dot g(sulfur)(-1), high rate capabilities up to 8C, and excellent cycle stabilities over 1200 cycles. In addition, structure and postmortem analysis allow the correlation of electrochemical performance with SPAN's chemical structure. [GRAPHICS]