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Journal Article

Formation of fullerenes by pyrolysis of perchlorofulvalene and its derivatives

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Amsharov,  K. Y.
Department Nanoscale Science (Klaus Kern), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;
Department Quantum Materials (Hidenori Takagi), Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Jansen,  M.
Abteilung Jansen, Former Departments, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Max Planck Society;

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Citation

Amsharov, K. Y., & Jansen, M. (2007). Formation of fullerenes by pyrolysis of perchlorofulvalene and its derivatives. Carbon, 45(1), 117-123.


Cite as: https://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-000E-B795-B
Abstract
In a retro-synthetic approach, [60]fullerene might be accessible by condensing six fulvalene fragments. In order to explore the potential of such a route for direct synthesis of [60]fullerene we have investigated the pyrolysis of perchlrofulvalene (PCF). Low temperature pyrolysis of PCF at 250 degrees C resulted mainly in the formation of dimers, trimers, tetramers and products of subsequent intramolecular condensation of these oligomers. Increasing the temperature to 300-350 degrees C leads to the formation of perchlorinated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Pyrolysis at 400-450 degrees C gives a cross-linked polymer structure which is the result of intermolecular condensation of the polynuclear aromatic intermediates. Pyrolysis at higher temperatures (> 500 degrees C) mainly leads to graphite. It was found that the two-step pyrolysis of PCF (heating first at 450 degrees C, after that at 750 degrees C) yielded a fullerene containing soot via an intermediate polynuclear aromatic net. High temperature rearrangement of the latter gave fullerenes C-60 and C-70. The best results were obtained when a PCF oligomer obtained by Ullmann condensation was used as a precursor. By two-step pyrolysis and further high vacuum Sublimation of the soot the fullerenes C-60 and C-70 were obtained in extractable amounts. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.